Still, in its general form, Hooke's Law is compatible with Newton's laws of static equilibrium. In fact, many materials will noticeably deviate from Hooke's law well before those elastic limits are reached. Because no material can be compressed beyond a certain minimum size (or stretched beyond a maximum size) without some permanent deformation or change of state, it only applies so long as a limited amount of force or deformation is involved. However, like most classical mechanics, Hooke's Law only works within a limited frame of reference. These include the disciplines of seismology, molecular mechanics and acoustics. Also, because it is a close approximation of all solid bodies (as long as the forces of deformation are small enough), numerous branches of science and engineering as also indebted to Hooke for coming up with this law. This law had many important practical applications, with one being the creation of a balance wheel, which made possible the creation of the mechanical clock, the portable timepiece, the spring scale and the manometer (aka. Understood in terms of Hooke's Law, this restoring force is generally proportional to the amount of "stretch" experienced. This ability to return to a normal shape after experiencing distortion can be referred to as a "restoring force". Hooke's law is the first classical example of an explanation of elasticity – which is the property of an object or material which causes it to be restored to its original shape after distortion. This can be expressed mathematically as F= -kX, where F is the force applied to the spring (either in the form of strain or stress) X is the displacement of the spring, with a negative value demonstrating that the displacement of the spring once it is stretched and k is the spring constant and details just how stiff it is. He first stated the law in 1660 as a Latin anagram, and then published the solution in 1678 as ut tensio, sic vis – which translated, means "as the extension, so the force" or "the extension is proportional to the force"). The law is named after 17th century British physicist Robert Hooke, who sought to demonstrate the relationship between the forces applied to a spring and its elasticity. Hooke's Law is a principle of physics that states that the that the force needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance is proportional to that distance. In terms of springs, this means understanding the laws of elasticity, torsion and force that come into play – which together are known as Hooke's Law. Like so many other devices invented over the centuries, a basic understanding of the mechanics is required before it can so widely used. As an elastic object used to store mechanical energy, the applications for them are extensive, making possible such things as an automotive suspension systems, pendulum clocks, hand sheers, wind-up toys, watches, rat traps, digital micromirror devices, and of course, the Slinky.
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